There are many different types of contraception available to prevent unplanned pregnancy. Some methods use hormones to stop ovulation, while others provide a physical barrier. Different methods suit different people at different stages of life.
Common Contraceptive Methods
1. Copper Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD)
A small âTâ shaped plastic device that is placed inside the uterus by a trained health professional. Once inserted, it lasts between 5 to 10 years depending on the type. It is hormone-free and over 99% effective.
2. Contraceptive Injection (Depo-Provera)
A hormonal injection given every 12 weeks (3 months). It stops the ovaries from releasing eggs (ovulation). When used consistently and correctly, it is over 99% effective.
3. Contraceptive Implant (Jadelle)
Small, flexible plastic rod(s) inserted under the skin on the inside of the upper arm. Once inserted, it lasts up to 5 years. It slowly releases progestin to stop ovulation and thicken cervical mucus. Over 99% effective.
4. Oral Contraceptive Pills (The Pill)
Pills taken daily by mouth. Combined pills contain estrogen and progestin, while mini-pills contain only progestin. Consistent daily use prevents ovulation with 99% effectiveness.
5. Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP)
Taken after unprotected sex or if a condom breaks. Most effective when taken as soon as possible, within 72 hours (up to 5 days depending on the type). It prevents or delays ovulation.